Towards a European Quantum Act: A Two-Pillar Framework for Regulation and Innovation

Abstract

This paper proposes a dedicated European Quantum Act modelled after legislative strategies used in the AI and semiconductor sectors. The author argues that a robust, anticipatory, and harmonised EU regulatory framework, grounded in the precautionary principle, is necessary for quantum technologies. The proposal combines New Legislative Framework-style regulation with industrial policy initiatives, drawing lessons from the EU AI Act while introducing risk-based regulatory tiers and sandboxes for innovation oversight. It also recommends establishing a DARPA-style innovation agency and international governance structures modelled on nuclear non-proliferation frameworks.

Peer Review

Community peer review and discussion of this publication.